Looking into the TESSERACT: Time-drifts in event streams using series of evolving rolling averages of completion times

Business processes are dynamic and change due to diverse factors. While existing approaches aim to detect drifts in the process structure, Tesseract looks for temporal drifts in activity interim times. This orthogonal view on the process extends the traditional data cube of events – case id, activities and timestamps – by a fourth dimension and improves the operational support by a visualization of temporal drifts in real-time.Insights about temporal deviations lead to an augmented awareness of imminent failures or improved service times. The detection of related structural concept drifts can be improved by early warning, as operation times of critical parts often increase before they catastrophically fail.     

撞击流反应器撞击面稳定性研究进展

撞击流技术因其良好的混合特性近些年用于强化制备超细粉体反应中的混合过程。撞击面的稳定影响反应器内的混合效果，所以本文对撞击面稳定性的研究进行了综述。撞击流反应器不同结构形式包括平面撞击流、轴对称撞击流和微型撞击流等。文中简述了撞击流稳定性的实验研究手段，分析轴对称撞击流反应器的径向偏转振荡的起止条件和不同喷嘴间距下的轴向偏移振荡规律，并且分析平面撞击流反应器的撞击面偏转周期以及偏转振荡的起止条件。得出轴对称撞击流与平面撞击流撞击面驻点的振荡对混合都有促进作用，并且偏移振荡周期不定，轴对称撞击面偏移振幅与喷嘴间距和雷诺数相关。平面撞击流的偏转振荡周期与进口流速成反比，反应器结构参数是撞击流稳定性的影响因素之一。根据轴对称撞击流偏移振荡对混合的促进作用，本文提出一种新型的预设流量波形双组撞击流反应器。新型撞击流反应器的独特结构克服了物料反应通道单一缺点，通过预设波形控制其进口流量，增大其撞击面偏移振幅，消除撞击面无序振荡，使流动轨迹扩展，扩大混合区域，并设计实验装置与方法讨论动态流量撞击流反应器撞击面稳定性对混合效果的影响。最后，本文对轴对称撞击流反应器的混合性能研究前景进行展望。     

基于制备超细复合含能材料的对置受限式撞击流反应器微观混合性能

由于对置受限式撞击流反应器较高的传热及混合效率，能够制备出粒径小、均匀且分布范围窄的超细颗粒。本文采用碘化物-碘酸盐平行竞争反应体系研究入射速度、结构尺寸对对置受限式撞击流反应器微观混合效果的影响规律，并将混合腔尺寸同等比例放大一倍进行对比研究。结果表明，随着入射速度的增大，离集指数减小，微观混合效果提高。喷嘴间距与喷嘴直径比的增大使得离集指数增大，微观混合效果降低。离集指数随着混合腔高度、混合腔出口尺寸的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势，且混合腔高度对混合效果的影响较混合腔出口尺寸显著。将对置受限式撞击流反应器混合腔尺寸扩大一倍，离集指数增加到原来的2.4倍，微观混合效果显著下降，但是在较大入射速度下，两种结构的混合效果差距减小。研究结果可为纳米复合含能材料的制备提供高效、安全的技术支持。     

Trapping region of impinging jets in a cross-shaped channel

This study follows our previous report (Zhang et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 31, 2019, 034105) by describing the formation and evolution of the engulfment flow in the cross-shaped channel. First, the flow regimes were studied by planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF). Results show the formation of a spiral vortex in the center of the chamber and the appearance of a well-mixed zone inside the spiral vortex. Second, we proposed a novel experimental method to analyze the residence time of the fluid in the chamber, and discover an unexpected trapping region inside the well-mixed zone. There is almost no fluid transport into or out of this region. Furthermore, three-dimensional numerical simulation is used to reveal the origination of this trapping region. Simulation results reveal that the fluid recirculates in the trapping region and the flow feature is caused by the bubble-type vortex breakdown.     

Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and Statistical Analysis of 2D Confined Impinging Jets Chaotic Flow

Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is shown to be a statistical operation that identifies the main characteristics of chaotic flows and separates them into a few modes. The dynamic chaotic flow is obtained from two‐dimensional (2D) computational fluid dynamics simulations, for different Reynolds numbers, of a confined impinging jets mixer. POD enables reconstruction of the dynamic flow from a few modes that are related to coherent flow structures. The POD flow reconstruction enables a large compression of the flow data set. The decomposition of the flow field into orthogonal modes related to coherent structures provides direct insight into the mixing dynamics and scales which are not accessible from flow dynamics statistic quantities, which were introduced in the context of turbulence and are here applied to chaotic flow.     

A survey of outlier detection in high dimensional data streams

The rapid evolution of technology has led to the generation of high dimensional data streams in a wide range of fields, such as genomics, signal processing, and finance. The combination of the streaming scenario and high dimensionality is particularly challenging especially for the outlier detection task. This is due to the special characteristics of the data stream such as the concept drift, the limited time and space requirements, in addition to the impact of the well-known curse of dimensionality in high dimensional space. To the best of our knowledge, few studies have addressed these challenges simultaneously, and therefore detecting anomalies in this context requires a great deal of attention. The main objective of this work is to study the main approaches existing in the literature, to identify a set of comparison criteria, such as the computational cost and the interpretation of outliers, which will help us to reveal the different challenges and additional research directions associated with this problem. At the end of this study, we will draw up a summary report which summarizes the main limits identified and we will detail the different directions of research related to this issue in order to promote research for this community.     

Land inputs of trace metals, major elements, particulate organic carbon and suspended solids to an industrial coastal bay of the NE Atlantic

Rivers, streams and municipal and industrial effluents flowing into the Ferrol Ria (NW Spain) were analyzed for dissolved and particulate trace elements (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn), particulate major elements (Al, Fe, Si), particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC and PON), and total suspended solids. Trace metal clean techniques were applied. Mean annual fluxes of these components were calculated. Dissolved trace metal concentrations in the major freshwater inputs were found to be within typical values for uncontaminated rivers: Cd: 0.020-0.035 nM; Cu: 11.7-19.2 nM; Pb: 0.40-0.71 nM and Zn: 18-54 nM. Two sources of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were observed: (i) a detrital SPM, which becomes more important at high river discharges, with metal concentrations tending to lithogenic values; (ii) an organic- and metal-rich SPM, which becomes dominant at low discharges. Municipal and industrial effluents in the northern shore, despite of constitute a minor freshwater contribution to the bay, were responsible for more than 50% of total inputs of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, POC and PON. The fluxes of trace metals obtained for the Ferrol Ria are in the range of other inhabited world semi-enclosed embayments.     

碰撞射流通风供暖房间热环境特征的研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了碰撞射流通风系统的供热特性,对供热房间内热环境特征以及热舒适性的分析结果表明：在典型送风参数工况下,碰撞射流供热房间内靠近送风口附近位置处存在垂直温度分层,空气温度随房间高度增加而降低,工作区热舒适情况良好。     

对撞式喷嘴在模拟燃烧室内喷雾特性研究

为了研究对撞式喷嘴在燃烧室内的喷雾特性,采用三维相位多普勒粒子动态分析仪(PDA),测量了模拟燃烧室内对撞式喷嘴喷雾场参数的空间分布,分析了不同喷雾压力下雾化液滴的平均直径、轴向速度和径向速度的变化规律。结果表明:喷雾压力越大,液滴平均直径D30越小,正态分布特征越明显;随着喷雾向下游发展,液滴轴向速度分布向小速度偏移,喷雾压力越大,距离喷嘴较远的截面上,轴向速度损失越小;距离喷嘴越远,雾化液滴径向速度的数目分布越趋向某一狭窄速度段,且喷雾压力越大,这种分布特征越明显。     

撞击流反应器制备纳米铜粉的研究

在浸没循环撞击流反应器(SCISR)中,采用五水硫酸铜为原料,以硼氢化钾为还原剂制备纳米铜粉。确定了制备纳米铜粉的适宜工艺条件是:Cu2+的浓度为0.2 mol/L,硼氢化钾与硫酸铜物质的量比为1∶1,氢氧化钾与硼氢化钾物质的量比为9∶1,反应温度为40℃,反应时间为10 min,2%(质量分数)聚乙烯吡咯烷酮用量为80 mL。采用TEM和XRD对产品进行表征。所得产品呈近似球形,直径20³0 nm;纯度高,其收率高于98%。